Nutrition

Lab 7 – Nutrition Assignment Introduction to Nutrition Although it is not possible to taste or otherwise detect the nutrients in foods, chemical tests can measure which are present in what concentrations. Performing these tests is well beyond the scope of this course. However, we can use the data accumulated by others to evaluate our diets. In addition, while the energy you expended over a 24-hour period is also very difficult to measure, we can use indirect methods to estimate approximately how much energy you burned. Thus, the objective of this laboratory is to determine the quantity of nutrients and energy that you ingested during a typical day, and then to compare these values to the quantity that you require (RDA). This exercise should be very illuminating since you may find that the way you eat is actually adequate to meet your needs, or that some adjustments might lead to better health. To accomplish these objectives, you will have to accurately record both your activities and foods consumed for a 72-hour period. When you are recording your data, be honest! For this experience to be beneficial to you, you should try to include a day that is representative of the way you eat and live. Thus, while it would be much easier to record your activities on a day spent sick in bed, or inventory your foods when you didn’t have money to eat, the results would be of no value to you. For maximum accuracy, carry a note pad with you and record throughout the day, rather than trying to recall the information at the end of the day. Transfer accurate estimates of the quantity of each food eaten and the intensity of each activity on your Excel spreadsheet or in your Word table. You can use the Calorie King website (or another of your choice) to find food information to determine the Kcal you have consumed each day. Simply enter each type food you ate, such a bacon, in the search box at the top of the page and it will give you choices to determine the calories of that food. Calculations needed to estimate your energy expenditure will be done by hand, calculator, or computer calculator. Daily Food Intake Diary For nutrient analysis, it is important to quantify each food consumed and accurately include the calories for those quantities. If your estimates are inaccurate, so too will be your data. Physical Activity Diary Record your activities for the same 72-hour period on your Physical Activity spreadsheet/table. To record the time spent, you can either enter the actual clock time the task was initiated and completed (best with long activities such as sleeping) or directly enter in the minutes spent doing the activity. Each minute of the day should be accounted for, so the total 24 hours must equal 1440 minutes. Activity Intensity Summary Transfer information from the Physical Activity Diary into the Activity Intensity Summary, categorizing each activity by its intensity. Energy Cost for Activities Chart After that, you will transfer each of those total times for each intensity level into the Energy Cost for Activities Chart and do the calculations indicated on this chart. This will give you the energy spent for each one of the intensity categories over the 72 hours you recorded. Estimation of Total Energy Expenditure Your total energy needs include not only that for muscular activity, but even more is needed just to maintain body functions while at rest. This maintenance (basal) energy requirement can be determined using a link on the Estimation of Total Energy Expenditure page. You will add the basal energy requirement to that required for muscular activity to determine total energy expenditure. Calculating Average Daily Energy Required for Physical Activity What is your final comparison of your average energy intake/day in Kcal to your average energy requirement/day in Kcal? In other words, how many calories are you ingesting compared to how many calories you are burning each day? Spreadsheet/Tables Provided The tables provided below are templates for you to use as deemed necessary. You are welcome to edit them as necessary to accomplish your goals. Daily Food Intake Diary Date(s) of record: ___________ Food Item (calories) 6 AM 7 AM 8 AM 9 AM 10 AM 11 AM 12 PM 1PM 2 PM 3 PM 4 PM 5 PM 6 PM 7 PM Physical Activity Diary Date(s) of record: ___________ Activity Start time Ending time Minutes Activity Intensity Summary Date(s) of record: ___________ Take the information from your Physical Activity Diary and input it to this Summary. It is possible to split an activity between two energy categories; e.g. while watching TV you might spend part of the time sitting and part of the time lying down. Write the total minutes for each activity in the right column and add all minutes at the bottom; the total of all minutes for a 24-hour day must be 1440. See explanation of each Intensity level on the Energy Cost sheet. Activity Totals Sleep Lying Sitting Very light Light Moderate Heavy Severe Very severe Total Energy Cost for Activities (exclusive of basal metabolism and specific dynamic action) Body Weight: __________ pounds x 0.454 = __________ kilograms Calculation of energy used for activity exclusive of stairs. Energy Level Energy Spent (Kcal/kg/min) Body weight Energy Spent 0.000 0.002 0.005

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